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The oldest known record of marijuana use dates back to 2727 BCE in ancient China, where the Chinese emperor Shen Nung recommended the use of marijuana for a variety of medical purposes, such as treating gout, rheumatism, and malaria, as well as a sedative and anesthetic. The plant was also used for spiritual and religious ceremonies in ancient cultures, including in India and Africa. The use of marijuana spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa over time, and was even used as a medicine in the United States during the 19th century.

Hemp, Sativa, and Indica are all subspecies of the cannabis plant.

Hemp is a strain of cannabis that is grown specifically for industrial use and contains low levels of THC, the psychoactive compound found in cannabis. It is used for a variety of industrial and commercial purposes such as clothing, paper, biofuels, and construction materials.

Sativa strains are known for their energizing and uplifting effects. They tend to have a high THC content and are often used to help with depression, fatigue, and lack of appetite. They are also used to enhance creativity and focus.

Indica strains are known for their relaxing and sedating effects. They have a high CBD content and are often used to help with anxiety, pain, and insomnia. They are also used to promote rest and relaxation.

It's important to note that most strains on the market are hybrids, which means they are a combination of both Sativa and Indica genetics, and can produce a wide range of effects depending on the specific genetics.

There are many different strains of cannabis, each with their own unique characteristics, effects, and uses. Some of the most popular strains include:

• Sativa strains: Known for their energizing and uplifting effects, sativa strains are often used to help with anxiety, depression, and fatigue. They are also popular for their ability to increase creativity and focus. Examples of sativa strains include Durban Poison, Jack Herer, and Green Crack.

• Indica strains: Known for their relaxing and sedative effects, indica strains are often used to help with insomnia, pain, and stress. They are also popular for their ability to promote deep relaxation and sleep. Examples of indica strains include Granddaddy Purple, Blueberry, and Northern Lights.

• Hybrid strains: Hybrids are strains that are created by breeding sativa and indica strains together. Hybrids strains can have a balance of sativa and indica effects, or they can lean more towards one or the other. This gives breeders the ability to create strains with specific effects, such as strains that are highly energizing and relaxing at the same time. Examples of hybrid strains include Gorilla Glue, Girl Scout Cookies, and Sour Diesel.

• CBD strains: High-CBD (Cannabidiol) strains are strains that are higher in CBD than THC and are typically bred for medicinal uses, as it is known to have therapeutic and medicinal benefits. Such as decreasing anxiety, reducing seizures, and helping with pain management. Examples of High-CBD strains include Harle-Tsu, ACDC, and Charlotte's Web.

It is important to note that the effects of each strain can vary greatly depending on the grower and environment. Additionally, the effects can also vary greatly depending on the individual user.

1. Myrcene: This terpene is known for its musky, earthy aroma and its sedative effects. It is often found in high concentrations in Indica strains and can contribute to the "couch-lock" effect.
2. Limonene: This terpene is known for its citrusy aroma and its mood-elevating effects. It is commonly found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and can contribute to reduce anxiety and improve mood.
3. Pinene: This terpene is known for its piney aroma and its bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects. It is often found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and can contribute to promote focus and concentration.
4. Linalool: This terpene is known for its floral, lavender aroma and its sedative effects. It is commonly found in high concentrations in Indica strains and can contribute to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety.
5. Caryophyllene: This terpene is known for its spicy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory effects. It can be found in higher concentrations in both Sativa and Indica strains and can contribute to promote a sense of well-being.
6. Humulene: This terpene is known for its earthy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory and appetite-suppressing effects. It is not as common as the other terpenes in marijuana, but can be found in some strains.
7. Terpinolene: This terpene has a piney, floral aroma and is known for its sedative and stress-relieving effects.
8. Ocimene: This terpene has a fresh, herbal aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
9. Beta-Caryophyllene: This terpene has a woody, spicy aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory effects.
10. Nerolidol: This terpene has a woody, floral aroma and is known for its sedative and anti-anxiety effects.
11. Bisabolol: This terpene has a floral, spicy aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and skin-healing properties.
12. Geraniol: This terpene has a floral, fruity aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects.
13. Camphene: this terpene has a earthy, musky aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties.
14. Borneol: This terpene has a minty, woody aroma and is known for its sedative and anti-inflammatory effects.
15. Eucalyptol: This terpene has a refreshing, minty aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
16. Guaiol: This terpene has a spicy, woody aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
17. Cedrene: This terpene has a woody, cedar-like aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety effects.
18. Fenchol: This terpene has a sweet, woody aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
19. Camphor: This terpene has a strong, medicinal aroma and is known for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties.
20. Phellandrene: This terpene has a fresh, peppermint-like aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

It's important to note that this list is not exhaustive and there are many other terpenes found in marijuana, each with its unique properties and characteristics

The most common primary terpenes found in marijuana are:

1. Myrcene
2. Limonene
3. Pinene
4. Linalool
5. Caryophyllene
6. Humulene
7. Terpinene
8. Ocimene
9. Alpha-Pinene
10. Beta-Myrcene
11. Alpha-Humulene
12. Beta-Caryophyllene
13. Alpha-Bisabolol
14. Camphene
15. Beta-Pinene
16. Gamma-Terpinene
17. Delta-3-Carene
18. Eucalyptol
19. Alpha-Terpineol
20. Trans-Ocimene.

It's important to note that the presence and concentration of these terpenes can vary widely depending on the genetics of the plant, the growing conditions, and the methods used to extract and process the plant. Also, keep in mind that the above-listed terpenes are not exclusive to marijuana and can be found in other plant species as well. It's also worth noting that this list is not exhaustive and there are other primary terpenes present in marijuana but these are considered the most common and found in most strains.

In addition to the primary terpenes that I previously mentioned, there are also many secondary terpenes that are found in marijuana, each with its own unique aroma and potential effects. Some of the most common secondary terpenes found in marijuana include:

1. Ocimene: This terpene has a fresh, herbal aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
2. Beta-Caryophyllene: This terpene has a woody, spicy aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory effects.
3. Terpinolene: This terpene has a piney, floral aroma and is known for its sedative and stress-relieving effects.
4. Nerolidol: This terpene has a woody, floral aroma and is known for its sedative and anti-anxiety effects.
5. Bisabolol: This terpene has a floral, spicy aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and skin-healing properties.
6. Geraniol: This terpene has a floral, fruity aroma and is known for its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects.

Like primary terpenes, secondary terpenes also work together to create the unique properties and effects of a marijuana strain, which is why its beneficial to research the terpene profile of a strain before consumption. Due to the presence of these secondary terpenes, the aroma and taste of the strain can be different from others, even with similar primary terpene profile. It's also worth noting that some marijuana strains are bred to have a high concentration of certain secondary terpenes to enhance its medical or recreational effects.

There are hundreds of different terpenes found in the marijuana plant, but some of the most common primary terpenes include:

1. Myrcene: This terpene is known for its musky, earthy aroma and its sedative effects. It is often found in high concentrations in Indica strains, and is believed to contribute to the "couch-lock" effect that is commonly associated with these strains.
2. Limonene: This terpene is known for its citrusy aroma and its mood-elevating effects. It is commonly found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to reduce anxiety and improve mood.
3. Pinene: This terpene is known for its piney aroma and its bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects. It is often found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to promote focus and concentration.
4. Linalool: This terpene is known for its floral, lavender aroma and its sedative effects. It is commonly found in high concentrations in Indica strains and is believed to contribute to the strain's ability to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety.
5. Caryophyllene: This terpene is known for its spicy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory effects. While it's not exclusive to Indica or Sativa strains, it is found in higher concentrations in both and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to promote a sense of well-being.
6. Humulene: This terpene is known for its earthy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory and appetite-suppressing effects. It's not as commonly found as other terpenes, but it's still present in some strains.

This is not an exhaustive list, as many other terpenes present in marijuana, each with its unique properties and characteristics, which is why a variety of strains and their terpene profiles can be very different.

A hybrid strain of marijuana is a strain that is created by crossing two or more different strains of marijuana. These strains can be pure Sativa, pure Indica, or a combination of both.

Hybrid strains are created with the goal of combining the best characteristics of the parent strains, such as flavor, aroma, and the effects on the body and mind.

Hybrids are created to provide a balance of effects, often to provide both uplifting and energizing effects, as well as relaxing and sedating effects. This can make them more versatile than pure Sativa or Indica strains and provide an unique experience depending on the particular hybrid.

Hybrid strains are often labeled as Indica- or Sativa-dominant, indicating which of the parent strains has a stronger influence on the final product. For example, a hybrid strain that is labeled as "60% Sativa, 40% Indica" indicates that the strain is mostly Sativa-dominant but still has some Indica characteristics.

It's also worth noting that there is a wide range of hybrids and their characteristics can vary widely, So it's a good idea to read the information about the particular strain and its parents to know what to expect from a hybrid.

Sativa strains of marijuana are known for their uplifting and energizing effects, which can be attributed to the presence of certain dominant terpenes. Some of the terpenes that are commonly found in higher concentrations in Sativa strains include:

1. Pinene: This terpene is known for its piney aroma and its bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects. It is often found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to promote focus and concentration.
2. Limonene: This terpene is known for its citrusy aroma and its mood-elevating effects. It is commonly found in high concentrations in Sativa strains and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to reduce anxiety and improve mood.
3. Caryophyllene: This terpene is known for its spicy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory effects. While it's not exclusively a sativa terpene, it can be found in higher concentrations in sativa strains and is believed to contribute to the strains' ability to promote a sense of well-being.
4. Humulene: This terpene is known for its earthy, woody aroma and its anti-inflammatory and appetite-suppressing effects. It is not as common as the other terpenes in sativas but can be found in some strains in higher concentrations.

It's important to note that each strain of marijuana contains a unique combination of terpenes, and the specific dominant terpenes can vary widely depending on the genetics of the plant, as well as the growing conditions and the methods used to extract and process the plant. So a specific strain can have different dominant terpenes than other strains even though they are classified as Sativa.

Dominant terpenes refer to the terpenes that are found in the highest concentrations within a particular strain of marijuana. These are the terpenes that are most responsible for the unique aroma and flavor of that strain, as well as its potential effects on the body and mind.

Each strain of marijuana contains a unique combination of terpenes, and the specific dominant terpenes can vary widely depending on the genetics of the plant. For example, some strains are known for their high concentrations of myrcene, which gives them a musky, earthy aroma, while others are high in limonene, which gives them a citrusy aroma. Some strains are known for having high concentrations of pinene, which give them a piney aroma and some for having high linalool content, giving them a lavender aroma.

When it comes to dominant terpenes, it's also important to note that the amount of terpenes present in a strain can also vary depending on factors such as the growing conditions and the methods used to extract and process the plant. However, growers and breeders often focus on breeding plants with certain dominant terpenes because they tend to influence the plant's medical and recreational effects.